← The standard model, antimatter, and how we know

The gluon carries the strong force

In brief

Three quarks sit inside every proton. The strong force binds them, and it is the strongest force there is. How does that grip get from quark to quark?

The answer repeats the photon's story, with the actors changed. Recall the photon's sentence: charged particles interact by exchanging photons.

charged particlecharged particlephoton
Charged particles interact by exchanging photons.
The strong force has its own exchange particle. It is called the gluon. Quarks interact by exchanging gluons — the gluon carries the strong nuclear force.
uuda protonudgluona closer look inside the proton
Inside the proton, the quarks constantly exchange gluons. Swap the actors and the boson, and the photon's sentence repeats.

The three quarks inside a proton stay bound because they constantly exchange gluons. The name fits: gluons are the glue that holds the proton together.

The three quarks inside a neutron stay bound together. Which particle are they exchanging?

The strong force binds quarks.

Quarks interact by exchanging gluons.

The quarks inside the neutron exchange gluons.

Check what you know

Which particle do quarks exchange when they interact?

Which force does the gluon carry?

How do quarks exert the strong force on one another?

Two quarks exert the strong force on each other. Which boson passes between them?

Which particles interact by exchanging gluons?

A student says the quarks inside a proton are bound by exchanging photons. Which particle do the quarks actually exchange?