← Quarks, leptons, and the four fundamental forces

Fundamental and composite particles

You have now met two kinds of particle. The proton has smaller particles inside it. The electron, as far as any experiment can tell, has none. That difference is worth a name.

Physicists sort every particle by one question: is the particle made of anything smaller?

Start from the two cases you know. A proton is made of smaller particles, the three quarks inside it. An electron is not made of anything smaller.

When a particle is not made of anything smaller, we call it fundamental. The electron is fundamental.

A particle is not made of anything smaller. What do we call it?

When a particle is made of smaller particles, we call it composite. The proton is composite: the quarks inside it are its smaller parts.

A particle is made of smaller particles. What do we call it?

Two names for two kinds of particleParticleMade of smaller particles?We call itelectronnofundamentalprotonyes — three quarkscomposite
One question sorts them: is the particle made of anything smaller?
A particle not made of anything smaller is fundamental. A particle made of smaller particles is composite.

A particle is found to be made of two smaller particles. Is it fundamental or composite?

The particle is made of smaller particles.

A particle made of smaller particles is composite.

It is composite.

Type the name for a particle that is not made of anything smaller.

Your turn

Which statement uses the two particle names correctly?

Physicists call the electron fundamental. Which experimental result is that statement based on?

A newly discovered particle contains two smaller particles. What do physicists call such a particle?