← Magnets and magnetic fields; electromagnets

Magnet versus magnetic material

Two bar magnets face each other, S pole to S pole. Do they attract or repel?

Two steel paperclips lie side by side on a desk. Nothing happens between them. Two bar magnets never sit together that quietly: they attract, or they repel.

A magnet and a magnetic material both respond to a magnet. This lesson draws the line between them.

A permanent magnet produces its own magnetic effect, all the time. A magnetic material, like a steel clip or an iron nail, produces no magnetic effect of its own. It responds only while a magnet is near.

That difference shows up in the forces. Two magnets can attract, and they can repel. The facing poles decide which.

A magnet can only ever attract a magnetic material. It can never repel one. And two magnetic materials exert no magnetic force on each other at all.
Permanent magnetMagnetic materialproduces its own magnetic effectyesnoa magnet can attract ityesyesa magnet can repel ityesno
Only a magnet makes its own magnetic effect, and only a magnet can be repelled.

A steel clip is not a magnet. What can a magnet do to the clip?

Two iron nails lie beside each other. Neither is a magnet. What magnetic force do they exert on each other?

A bar magnet is brought near a steel nail, which is not a magnet. Can the magnet repel the nail?

The nail is a magnetic material, not a magnet.

A magnet can only attract a magnetic material. It can never repel one.

No. The magnet can only attract the nail.

Two bar magnets are brought end to end. Can they repel each other?

Each magnet produces its own magnetic effect, with two poles.

When like poles face each other, two magnets repel.

Yes. With like poles facing, the two magnets repel.

Hana says a permanent magnet can repel as well as attract. Is Hana correct?

Your turn

Which statement separates a permanent magnet from a magnetic material?

Two bar magnets exert magnetic forces on each other, but two steel nails that are not magnets do not. Why?

Which pair of objects can repel each other?