← Series circuits

Rank series components by voltage

A 25 Ω resistor carries 0.40 A. Enter the voltage across it in V.

A 24 V supply drives three resistors in series: 20 Ω, 30 Ω, and 70 Ω. The source voltage gets shared out, and the shares are not equal. Which resistor takes the biggest share of the 24 V?

24 V20 Ω30 Ω70 Ω
Three resistors, one loop, one 24 V supply. No readings yet.

Voltmeters across the three resistors read 4 V, 6 V, and 14 V. The 70 Ω resistor, the biggest resistance, took the biggest share: 14 V.

The readings still add up: 4 V + 6 V + 14 V = 24 V.

voltage (V)4 V20 Ω resistor6 V30 Ω resistor14 V70 Ω resistor
The measured shares rise with resistance: 4 V, 6 V, 14 V.

Why that order? The current is the same at every point of the loop, so the same current passes through all three resistors.

Across each resistor, V = IR. I is the same for all three. So the resistor with the biggest R has the biggest V.

To rank series components by voltage, rank them by resistance: biggest resistance, biggest voltage.

Position does not matter: the resistor nearest the supply takes no extra share.

Resistors of 18 Ω, 36 Ω, and 12 Ω sit in series. How does the current through the 36 Ω resistor compare with the current through the 12 Ω resistor?

The same circuit: 18 Ω, 36 Ω, and 12 Ω in series. Which resistor has the biggest voltage across it?

Resistors of 35 Ω, 55 Ω, and 40 Ω sit in series. Rank them from biggest voltage across to smallest.

Write down the fact:

the same current passes through every component of a series circuit

Write down the relation:

V = IR, with I the same for every resistor

So rank by resistance, biggest first:

55 Ω, then 40 Ω, then 35 Ω

Biggest voltage to smallest: the 55 Ω resistor, then the 40 Ω, then the 35 Ω.

Resistors of 25 Ω, 50 Ω, and 45 Ω sit in series. Rank them from biggest voltage across to smallest.

Your turn

A series circuit holds resistors of 15 Ω, 60 Ω, and 25 Ω, in that order from the battery. Rank them from biggest voltage across to smallest.

Three resistors sit in series: 45 Ω, 30 Ω, and 90 Ω. Which has the smallest voltage across it?

Bulb P (15 Ω) and bulb Q (48 Ω) sit in one series loop. Which statement is correct?