← Current, voltage, resistance 2: Ohm's law and the diagrams

Judge a circuit diagram's wiring

A diagram can look tidy and still be wrong. Built as drawn, a wrongly wired circuit reads the wrong thing, or nothing lights at all. So before a circuit is built, the diagram gets judged. Here is how.

Judge a diagram with three checks. Check 1: the circuit forms one complete, unbroken loop. Check 2: every ammeter sits in the loop, in line with the components. Check 3: every voltmeter sits across the component it is meant to measure.

Check 1 catches missing wires. A missing wire anywhere means no current flows at all. Check 2 catches an ammeter drawn on its own side-by-side path. Check 3 catches a voltmeter drawn into the main loop, and a voltmeter across the wrong component.

AV
Wired correctly: the loop is complete, the ammeter sits in the loop, and the voltmeter sits across the lamp.
AV
Wired wrongly: the ammeter sits on its own side-by-side path. An ammeter belongs in the loop, in line.

A diagram meant to measure a lamp's current shows the ammeter on its own side-by-side path beside the lamp. Is the diagram wired correctly?

Check 2: every ammeter sits in the loop, in line.

This ammeter sits on its own path beside the lamp.

No. The ammeter is connected in parallel. It belongs in the loop, in line with the lamp.

The ammeter should read the lamp's current. Is the ammeter correctly placed?

A

A diagram shows a voltmeter drawn into the main loop, in line between the battery and the lamp. Is the diagram wired correctly?

Check 3: every voltmeter sits across its component.

This voltmeter sits in the main loop instead.

No. The voltmeter is connected in series. It belongs across the lamp.

A diagram shows a voltmeter drawn into the main loop, in line with the lamp. Is the voltmeter correctly placed?

AV
Wired wrongly: the voltmeter sits across the ammeter, so it does not read the lamp's voltage.
V
Wired correctly again: a complete loop, and the voltmeter across the component it measures.

The voltmeter should read the resistor's voltage. Is this diagram wired correctly?

AV

Your turn

The voltmeter should read the lamp's voltage. What is wrong with this diagram?

AV

A diagram shows a battery, an ammeter in the loop, a lamp, and a voltmeter across the lamp — but one wire between the ammeter and the lamp is missing. What is wrong?

The ammeter should read the resistor's current, and the voltmeter its voltage. Which statement about the diagram is correct?

AV