← Friction

Kinetic friction

Beth slides a cardboard box across the gym floor toward a teammate. The box slows the whole way and stops short.

A force acted on it the whole way, and it came from the floor.

Once two surfaces actually slide across each other, the friction between them gets its own name too.

The sliding box's base moves over the floor: the two surfaces slide across each other.

A friction force from the floor acts on the box, against the slide. It is what slows the box.

When touching surfaces slide across each other, the friction that opposes the slide is called kinetic friction.

Kinetic friction acts on a box skidding across a floor.

gym floorsliding boxthe box's slidekinetic friction from the floor on the box
The skidding box: the surfaces slide across each other, and kinetic friction opposes the slide.

Which situation shows kinetic friction acting?

More cases: a hockey puck sliding over the ice feels kinetic friction from the ice, small but present.

A sled's runners sliding over packed snow feel kinetic friction from the snow.

icepuckthe puck's slidekinetic friction from the icepacked snowsledthe sled's slidekinetic friction from the snow
Two more ongoing slides. The puck's friction from the ice is small but present; the sled's runners feel more. The labels name each force.

Kinetic friction always acts against the slide. It points opposite to the way the surface slides over its partner.

A crate slides east across a floor. Which way does the kinetic friction from the floor on the crate point?

When touching surfaces slide across each other, the friction that opposes the slide is called kinetic friction. It points against the slide.

A book slides across a desk and slows to a stop. Name the force that slows it, and say which way that force points.

The book's cover and the desk slide across each other.

The friction that opposes an ongoing slide is kinetic friction.

It points against the slide.

Kinetic friction from the desk, pointing opposite to the book's slide.

A puck slides north across a frozen pond, slowing gently. Which kind of friction acts on it, and which way does that force point?

The puck's base slides across the ice: an ongoing slide.

The friction opposing it is kinetic friction, directed against the slide.

Kinetic friction, pointing south.

When touching surfaces slide across each other, the friction that opposes the slide gets a name. Type the name.

Your turn

When is the friction between two touching surfaces called kinetic friction?

In which case does kinetic friction act?

A suitcase slides down a smooth ramp at the airport. Which statement about the kinetic friction on it is correct?