← Speed and velocity; scalars and vectors

Sort the motion quantities: scalar or vector

What is a scalar?

You've already seen both kinds: a scalar is fully described by a size alone; a vector needs both a size and a direction. Now the motion quantities of this topic get sorted into the two bins.

One question sorts every motion quantity: does it need a direction to be complete?

Sort speed first. Does a speed need a direction to be complete? 12 m/s already says everything a speed says: how fast, and nothing about which way. Speed is a scalar.

Now displacement. 10 m of displacement is incomplete until you say which way. Displacement is a vector.

Which of these four motion quantities is a vector?

Each scalar in this topic has a needs-a-direction twin: distance pairs with displacement, and speed pairs with velocity. Time has no twin; a time is complete on its own. The sixth motion quantity, acceleration, says how quickly a velocity changes; you'll meet it properly soon. A change in a velocity has a direction, so acceleration sorts with the vectors.

the six motion quantities, sortedscalarsvectorsdistancedisplacementspeedvelocitytimeacceleration

The sorted set, worth knowing cold: scalars are distance, speed, and time; vectors are displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

Which of these four motion quantities is a scalar?

Your turn

A quiz asks for a pair of motion quantities that are BOTH vectors. Which pair is correct?

Speed and velocity sit in different bins of the scalar/vector sort. Which line states the sort correctly?

Consider three motion quantities: time, distance, and acceleration. How many of the three are vectors?